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Izimvumulo Ezinhleleyo Zokusebenzela Amaphipha
Ukuphatha nokusebenzisa iRobots kwiPhayipeyipheni
Ukungena kwe-automation kanye ne-robotics kwi manufacturing yamathuluzi yabanzi ubuchule kwiindlela eziqhelwe kule ndonga, yenza ukuba yonke into ibe yinkanso kwaye iyinkimbinkimbi. Le miqatho e-automatika nguwo wona amanye amathuba okwenza izinto ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezininzi zokwenza iimpazamo ezingekelwa kwaye yenze ukuba iimpumelelo zokukhulisa ziphume ngapandle. Isibonelo, ukugqina kwezizobe kanye nokuthi ngokubanjwa kwamathuluzi ngale ndlela abasebenzisa le roboti ngokuthe ngqo. Bayenza le ndlela ngokukhulu kwaye ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle koko abantu bamele. Ingxelo ekupheleni kwalenga yachaza ukuba izifekelo ezisebenzisa le miqatho e-automatika zaziwa ukuba zikhula ngokukhawuleza kwe production ngama-35-40%, kwaye izindleko zokusebenza zikhuseleka ngama-18-22%. Ngaphandle koko kuphela oku kuthetha ukuba le teknoloji yenze ukuba siphume ngokucacileyo amathuluzi amathathu okanikwa ngalokho, into engcono kakhulu abasebenzelwa ngayo xa baya kuba ngabahlakaniphayo kwiindawo zokuthengisa ngoku.
Amagcindebele leLaser Cutting
Izinto ezintsha kwi-Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) kunye neeteknoloji zokuchitha icala ziyanqanda indlela abasebenzisa ngayo amapleympi kwiindawo zonke. Le mehlo ezintsha zinika amakhiyani amandla ukwenza iindlela eziphezulu kakhulu nezidingo eziphezulu kakhulu ezidingekayo kumthengi wokuqala. Okuqala kwi-EDM kunye neesistima zokuchitha ngicala nguquleke kakhulu ngokuba kuzenza iindlela ezichanekileyo ezingekho ngeendlela ezisemthethweni. Iingxelo zokuhlinzwa kwiindawo zokuchitha kuba ngama-30% kumgangatho wokuphela, ngaphandle koko kuba ngama-15% engqesho encinane kumagqoko wokuphela. Abasebenzisi amapleympi anezigqibo eziphezulu zokuhlanganisa, le nto inika amandla ukuba babuleke izinto ezifutshane ngaphandle kokuchitha imali ngokweziko lokusebenza. Baninzi labasebenzi babekelwa ukuba bafumane amaxesha alula ukuba bazekele iiprojekthi eziphezulu ngokukhuselekileyo ngokuba le teknoloji yahluke.
IoT-Enabled Smart Manufacturing Systems
Ukuletha i-Internet of Things ekukhiqizeni kushintsha indlela amapayipi enziwa ngayo kuyo yonke indawo. Izakhiwo zokukhiqiza ezihlakaniphile ezinezobuchwepheshe be-IoT zithembele kulezo zinzwa ezincane nokuhlaziywa kwedatha ukuze kutholakale izinkinga ngaphambi kokuba zenzeke. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izimboni zichitha isikhathi esincane zimile futhi zikhiqiza imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu. Ukuqapha isikhathi sangempela kwenza abaphathi bezitshalo bakwazi ukubona ukuthi kwenzekani kulo lonke ulayini wokukhiqiza. Bangakwazi ukungena ngokushesha lapho kukhona okungahambi kahle noma lapho kudingeka kulungiswe okuthile. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi izinkampani ezamukela izixazululo ze-IoT zivame ukubona imisebenzi yazo iqhutshwa kahle cishe ngesigamu. Izinombolo ziyakhuluma ngempela. Futhi njengoba lobu buchwepheshe buqhubeka buthuthuka, cishe sizobona ukuthi buzoba nendima enkulu ekwenzeni ukukhiqiza kube ukuhlakanipha futhi kusebenze kahle endleleni.
Imilinganiso Yedlula Lwesonto Lokusebenza Izindlela
Izimo Zokuthatha Amagcali Zesibhedlela Wesemanje
Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlobo zokusebenza kwezimali nezindlela zokubulawa kwezimali kuyindlela ngokwamanje ngoba izidingo zokusebenza ezikulandelwa ngokwesibuko sikhulu sikhona. Aba ngcamuleli bemathulwane babemthetha ngamathuba okungeza amaDholola angama-47.1 ibhiliyoni kumathulwane wokusebenza kwezimali nezindlela zokubulawa kwezimali ngokwesibuko 2023, bese bethanda ukuthi lo msebenzi uqale ukuphakama ngokwesibuko ngama-6.7 phesenti ngalinye kuya kuma-2032. Yini okuthiwa yindlela yokuthuthukiswa kwezinto? Ukubulawa okuningi nokutholwa kwezimali kusenokutholwa, ngokukodwa emanzini amakhulu, emanzini amaningi, nezindaweni eziningi lapho izindlela zokubulawa kufanele zilindele ukutholwa kwezimo eziningi. Ngokwesibuko sokuphakama kwezimali, ukubulawa izindlela zokusebenza kwezimali kusemthethweni ukuthi kuyindlela yokuthi izizwe zilindele ukutholwa kwezimali. Lokho kuthiwa kumele abasebenzisi bezindlela zokusebenza bakhokhelela kakhulu kumakhiwano amahle nezitekithi ezinhle ukuze izindlela zokusebenza zilindele futhi zisebenze ngokwesibuko kakhulu.
Iimbuzo Yezilondolozi Zokusebenza Okuthuthukise
Ukuhambisa kwezindlela zokuphatha izindlela zokulula kuhlangene nezindlela ezintsha zokwenza ukuze kuthuthukwe izinto njengezindlela zokulula nezicelo zasolari. Iindlela zokuphatha ezingcono akulungiselelwa kuphela kodwa kancane kakhulu, oku kuthiwa kukhona isethelo esikhulu kwezindaba ezithile zezindlela ongayilapha ukulawula izidingo lezi sistimu. Abasebenzisa amathurubhini wokulula kudinga izindlela okungenawo ubukhulu kodwa engenazo ubungu, noma kuzo zicelo zasolari kungenziwa izinto ezingayilapha ukungena ngemvula ephakeme. Ababhanti izindlela balekele ukuthi bavusele kakhulu ukulawula lezi zidingo. Uma kubhekiwe amanani, yindlela yonke ibonakala yekwenzela indima kakhulu ekuthiweni kwezindlela zokuphatha zelula. Abakhethi bavumela imali kule ndawo, futhi amaphikitho aphelela ukuthi kuzozwelela phambili indawo yezindlela zokuphatha zelula ngokungafani kwezinyangweni ezingaphambili.
Imigomo Yokuvalwa Kwefuleti Ekuseni Lwendawo
Ukuthutha uphethiloli ngaphesheya kwemingcele kudlala indima enkulu ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi amazwe anokufinyelela okunokwethenjelwa emandleni emhlabeni wonke. Lezi zinhlelo zokuhamba zisiza ekuhambiseni uphethiloli usuka kwenye indawo uye kwenye ngendlela ephumelelayo, zigcine amandla ethu eqinile ngisho nalapho izinto zingahambi kahle. Bheka eminye yemiklamo emikhulu yokuphehla ugesi ehlanganisa iYurophu nezindawo ezinjenge-Asia Ephakathi - ziyizimpawu ezicacile zokuthi izizwe zizama kanjani izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuthola amandla. Yini eyenza lokhu kukhula? Yebo, izifunda zidinga amandla amaningi endaweni, ngesikhathi esifanayo zibhekane nezimo zezombangazwe eziyinkimbinkimbi emhlabeni wonke. Ngenxa yalokhu, kuye kwaba nokwanda kwesidingo samapayipi aqinile akwazi ukubhekana nale misebenzi ebalulekile yengqalasizinda. Lesi sidingo esandayo sisiza ekuhlanganiseni amazwe ezindabeni zezamandla, kwakha ubudlelwane obungeke bube khona uma kungenjalo.
Iingxenyetho Zokuthuthukisa Kwisihlalo Sokusebenza Komipayipi
Ukubuya Kwamaloyi Omkhulu
Isayensi yemateriali ibonwe ukuthuthukwa okukhulu kuseni, ngakumbi xa kufika kwenza amaloyi okwenza amaphoyintsi. Le maloyi enkulu esemoleni ethuthukelwe yaba yenza ngoba yasebenza ngokulungile futhi noma lapho kunezimo ezilungile. Khumbula lezo zimo ezineqiniso elikhulu noma izindawo apho ukuchitha kuyahlukahluka, oku kuyenzeka kusuku sothunzi endaweni yokuphatha amandla nezindawo zokwenza izinhlelo. Abasebenzisa amaloyi ethuthukelwe baya kubuyekeza ukuthi yini okuyinzile, futhi ngokwesicelo esavela kwezilaborithori eziningi, manje baya kusebenzisa izimo ezilungile ngaphandle kokuthilela noma ukupheya okukhona. Le nto ithi ukuthi amaphoyintsi ayasebenza ngokude ngaphambi kokuthi kudingekwe ukubuyisa, kunciphise imali yokulungisa, futhi yasebenze ngokulungile kusuku sothunzi. Oku kuyenzeka kuseni kumaloyi ethuthukelwe kuyahlukahluka ngokwemisebenzi yethimba, kodwa kwenza amakhawulezwe amasha kakhulu ukuthi sibangela kanjani izinhlelo zokwenza amaphoyintsi emseleni.
Amateriali Akufunekako Ukukhangelwa Ngemvume
Izimaterialo ezingenakwa ukulwa kuyindlela yokuthiwa izithuthi zilapha ngokude, ngakumbi xa kuzokwehliswa kizindawo eziphakathiwe kuzo izinkimbia ezihlangothiwe nezuhla lelimali. Kuleli xesha elishaya, ukuthuthwa kwezinhlelo zokwenza izimaterialo okokungenela ukuthuthwa kwezinkinga ngokuphezulu ngokukhuseleka kahle kanti kakhulu ukuphakama okukhulu. Izinhlelo ezipetwayo zokwenza izimaterialo okokungenela ukulwa ngendlela ephawulekile kunazo zimaterialo eziphambene, lokhu kusho ukuthi kukhona imali engapheliwa kuzindlela zokulungisa nokubuya futhi. Izinkomba zokwenza izimaterialo ezipetwayo zithi izinkampani ezithintekayo lezinhlelo zokwenza izimaterialo zithi zikhona ukunciphisa okukhulu kwemali yokuphelisa, lokhu kusho ukuthi kuyindlela yokuthiwa imali ingapheliwe. Ngaphandle kokuthatha imali, leli hlelo lokuthuthwa kunesizo lokuthiwa kutholwe ukuthoba okuphakade ngokuthiwa izinfrastraktiwa zilapha ngokude futhi zingasebenzi kahle kuzinhloni zokudla ngokude.
Ukusetshenziswa kweMaterial Enguquleweyo nokwasetshenziswa
Imithwanciso yokuphila kakhulu iyavumela abasebenzisa izinto ezithuliwe kwiindlela zokwenza iziphumo. Ngemuva kwalokho abagoverimenti bavumela ukulawulwa nokuba abasebenzisa bakhona ngokomoya, abantu abasebenzisa bafumana ukuthi kufanele bavuthane noma baphumelele. Lokhu kuthula ukusebenzisa lezi zinto ezithuliwe kunciphisa ukuphuma kwezindlela zokuphosha amanzi nezinto ezingcoliswa kusuka kwezinsizwa. Ngokwesibonelo esikhundleni, abantu basebenzisa babize ukuthola iziphumo ezifanayo nezindlela zokunciphisa izindleko. Izivivinyo zibonisa ukuthi lezi ziphumo ezithuliwe zisebenza ngokufanayo nezifanayo noma kungaba kube nenjongo yokuqala. Indlustra yonke iyavumela ukuthi le nto iyagcina amathuluzi wokuphila kanye nezindleko ezingcono okudingekayo yizindlela zokwenza ngokweminye yezemvelo. Abakhankatha basekhaya babize ukuthi le nto iyakwenza uhlelo lwezimali ngaphandle kwezindleko zokuvumelana.
Amakhanda Okuncane Kwesisodwa Lesizindlebe
Umbulo Wesintu Wokusebenza Kwisazulwana Lase-Aphayipheku
Ukuphutha kweyinfrastriktsha ekuhlaleni kwemanzini e-Ahia kanye ne-Pasifiki kungenxa yekhona lekugcina ukuphelwa kwezithuthi zokwenza amaphoyintu. Ezindaweni ezijikeleze i-China ne-India kuthuthukiswa ngokushesha ngemvula yabantu basebenza kakhulu kanye nezimali eziphuthayo ngokushesha kune lapho kungaba khona. Abantu badinga izinhlobo zokuxhumana eziphambene nezindawo zokudwelwa kanye nezindawo zokuchitha izimpahla. Singakubona lokhu kusobala ngokwehlukahlukene kwezinhlobo zezindlela zokugcwa ngaphakathi kanye nezinkhutha zokuphathwa kwezimali ezitholakale kancane. Izinombolo zinezinhlobo zokuthiwa futhi - kuneso ukuthuthukwa okuphakathi kwe-6% ngonyaka ohlobo lwezithuthi zokwenza amaphoyintu kuzo lemandla e-Ahia kanye ne-Pasifiki kudinga ukuthola ukuthi yini okwenziwa ngale ndlela ngokwehlukahlukene. Iyinfrastriktsha akusho ukuthi iba yizindlela zokugcwa kuphela; iyindlela ethile eshintsha indlela lekugcina izimali ekuhlaleni kwemanzini leli.
Umbuso Wesintu Weshaile Gas e-North America
Isikhulumi soShale Gas yeNorth America sinqotshelwe kakhulu uhlelo lwokwenza izinhlayiya. Njengokusebenza kwe-fracking kuthiwe phakathi kwehlabathi, abakhelwe izinhlayiya bavumela ukuba kube khona okunzima kwezinhlayiya ezidalelwe ngokokhululekile ukuthola futhi ukuxazela shale gas ngemigqa yezinhlayiya. Lokhu kwezinhlayiya ayikho okuqukethwe noma kudinga ukuthutha okuphezulu futhi kudinga ukungena kwezinhlayiya ezithintana nezinhlela zokuthutha okungu-chemicals ezisetshenziswa kumhlahlandlela wokuthutha. I-US iyahlala ngaphambili kule tendi, nezindawo zokwenza nezindawo zokubhildwa zihlanganisa izindleko zabo ukuxazula ukuthanda okuphuthuwe. Imibiko yesikwele ibonisa ukuthi ivolumu yokwenza izinhlayiya yayiphelela kakhulu ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisemukelweni, yenza i-shale gas iyisikhathi eside sokuvikela ukuthi kwehlise kakhulu uhlelo lokwenza izinhlayiya zokushintshwa kwezimali ngaleso sikhathi ehlabe.
Isimo Yokuqala Yokuthiwe KweOlile Middle East
Amazwe aseMpumalanga Ephakathi aye agxila kakhulu ekwakheni izinhlelo zawo zokuthekelisa uwoyela muva nje, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa ekuqaliseni amapayipi athutha amandla esifundeni. Ukwandisa lezi zimoto kunengqondo uma sifuna ukuletha uwoyela ongahluziwe ezimakethe zomhlaba wonke ngendlela esebenza kahle, into enemiphumela yangempela yokuthi ubani olawula ini kwezepolitiki zamandla emhlabeni. Uma sibheka izibalo zamuva nje, sibona imali eningi igelezela kokubili ekuthuthukiseni amapayipi amadala nasekwakheni amasha eSaudi Arabia, e-Iran, nakwezinye izindawo ezibalulekile. Lezi zinhlelo azigcini nje ngemali, zisiza nasekulondolozeni isikhundla se-中东 njengomdlali oyinhloko ekuhwebeni kwamandla ngamazwe ngenkathi kugcinwa uwoyela ugeleza njalo usuka kwelinye izwekazi uye kwelinye ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
Amatrendi Akusetyenziswa Ezichaseneyo Indlela Yendlululo
Imicwaningi Yesikhephe Sesiqhubele Esikhathini
Ukucindezela kweyisebenzi ephethimayo yemfutho kakhulu kunesekela kakhulu kwiqoqo lokwenza amapipi ngokuba kwakhona neemethod kuyindlela ephumelelayo kwiindlela ezintsha zokwenza kwiyo yasebenza kule ndlela. Abakhi amapipi bafumana iziphumo ezithile kwiindlela ezifanayo njengokulandela izinto zokucoca kweyisebenzi kwaye neemfuno eziphezulu zokugcina izinto zokusebenza ngokuzenzekela ngokuchanekileyo. Iindlela zokubala zicacisa ngokujoliseleyo. Inqaku lempilo yokuqala leqoqo lichazile ukuba amagqanti afakwe kule ndlela ephethimayo zinzuzo kakhulu kubude 30% kwiindleko zemfutho. Iinkampani ezingena kule ndlela zifumana ukuchazela kwazo zazo zokugqitywa ngelishwa kwaye kuzo zonke ukunceda ukunceda ukunceda ukugqitywa kwezinto zasekhaya. Ezinye iinkampani zifumana nangoko abathengi bafunqwa ukuba baziqapela ukuba bafundi abakhi abasebenzisa izinto ezifundisa ukuba ziyasebenza ngokujulisa, okongeza indawo yokugqitywa ngapandle kokuba kude kakhulu.
Ukuphuma Kwamandla Kwisikhwama Sokuhlola
Ukunciphisa imfucuza sekuyisici esiyinhloko abakhiqizi bamapayipi abazama ukusenza sibe luhlaza. Izitshalo eziningi manje zisebenzisa izindlela ezinjengokusika ngokunembile, ukushintsha izinto ezisele zensimbi, nokwenza amapayipi ngendlela elula ukuze kuncishiswe imfucuza. Izinzuzo zezimali zicacile futhi izinkampani ziyonga imali lapho zichitha izinto ezimbalwa futhi zithola inani elingcono kulokho ezikwenzayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunesimo esingokwemvelo lapho izinto ezincane ezilahlwayo zisho ingcindezi encane ezindaweni zokulahla udoti nokulondolozwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe esingakwazi ukulahlekelwa yizo. Ngokwezibalo ezivela eNational Association of Manufacturers, ezinye izinkampani ziye zakwazi ukunciphisa imfucuza yazo yokukhiqiza ngesigamu noma ngaphezulu eminyakeni emihlanu edlule nje kuphela. Le miphumela ibonisa intuthuko yangempela ekwenzeni ukukhiqizwa kwamapayipi kuhlanzeke futhi kube nomthwalo wemfanelo, into eyoba ebaluleke nakakhulu njengoba imithetho iqine futhi okulindelwe amakhasimende kuguquka.
Amacathulo Akuhlola Ukuphela Kwesiphumo
Abapakeli bepipe bahlukana ngokwengeza ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuphila okungcono futhi bezimelela ukuthi babuyeke izindlela zokulawula izimpahla ngendlela elungileyo. Abakhululekileyo kwezinye izinhloso zokwenza ukuthi izimpahla ezisulelwe zibe nekuphela okuningi futhi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwehlise kakhulu emhlabeni. Ngokomzekelo, kukhona amakhampeni amakhulu oqukethwe amaprojekthi aphakathi kwezabo abakhela amaphepha ezintsha ukuthi abuyeke amaphepha aphelileyo. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi izimpahla eziphathelene nezinto ezintsha zibe nekuphela okuningi futhi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwehlise kakhulu emhlabeni. Kukhona isigaba esikhulu se-PVC esibonakala ngokuthi sibuyekele amaphepha amathathu kwezinto ezisabalalayo ngemigqa engu-90. Lokhu kungukuthenjelwano kuphela kodwa kungenye yezinhloso ezingaba yisibonelo esikhulu esingaba yisibonelo esingaba yabo bonke. Okutholakele kuleli xesha kukhona ukuthi abapakeli bamelela ukuthi babuyeke izinto ngendlela elungileyo futhi badinga ukuthi bakhululeke kakhulu kuleli nqubo.
