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Indima Ekhulu Lamacine Ekukhupheni Imetali
Imiboniso Ebunzweni Ukusebenza Kwamacine
I-Lathe isenzo ngokuthi ishaya i-workpiece ngokuthi kusalela amathuluzi, okungenzeka ngokuthi kwenzeke ukwenziwa okuphelile. Ngale ndlela, amadenge amahlu alinganiswa ngokuthi kusale amanye amakhefuna kusukela kuthi sithole le ndawo ongithanda. Mhlawumbe sibheke ezinye iindawo eziphambene nezindlela zokwenza i-lathe. Okokuqala kune spindle eshaya kagele kuye kusalela ngokushesha. Kuseni kungena i-tailstock esebenza njengekugcinwa emuva kungaba yonke into iyagcina ngokuthi isebenza ngokuphelele. Amathuluzi kudinga indawo yokuthi yizigcinwe, ngakho ke sinale tool rest aphakathi. Fungasekantolo, i-carriage yenziwa phela ukwenziwa okuphezulu xa kushiyalwa le amathuluzi ngokucacile. Xa kusebenza kusukela kwenziwa okulula njenge-turning (okuthi kunciphisa amadiya), facing (ukwenza amadoda alulamile) noma boring (ukwenza amakhole aphakade), lezi zinto zizakusebenza ngokukhulu kuzo zonke izinhloso ezithile, kanye nezokwenziwa izinhlobo zokulandela lapho kudinga ukuthi amakhulu amakhulu amaningi.
Ubudlula bokuphambene nekululeko kwemigwaqo
Phakathi kweqembu lokuphathwa kwezombandla, izilathe zange zibilwe ngokukhulu ukwenza izinto ngokushesha kwaye ukuba zifanene xa zenzeka, ziguqula ngokupheleleyo indlela ezenzekelwa ngayo iifosi. Kangangoko, abakhankatha bakhululekileyo baphumelela ukwenza amagigaba ngokulandelana nezindleko zazo ezininzi, kodwa lokhu kuthetha ukuba izinhlobo zokuthengwa zakhuphuka ngokushesha kwaye zinzuzo zokuzenzela. Xa kwiindlela zokusebenza zilathe zangaphambili kwi-1800s, yinto efanayo nokuba yibusuku kunye nobusuku bakwiindlela zokusebenza. Iindlela zokukhuphuka zingasebenze ngokupheleleyo ngokuqinisekileyo kodwa zingasebenzi xa unyaka umphela odinga ukuthula. Xa sibuka ngemva kwamagama akhasimendu, sinako ukuxhantiwa ngokucacileyo phakathi kwezilathi ezilungileyo nezinye izinto eziphumelelayo kwiindlela zokusebenza. Thatha iintambo njengefaniso - ezi spinners ezinhle azizange zisebenzi ngokushesha ngaphandle kwezixhobo zokulima ezithembekileyo. Kuyafana nazo iindlela zokusebenza zomakhaya kunye nezilungiselelo ezikhulu abakhankatha bakhululekileyo bafumana ukuba bangasebenzisa izilungiselelo ezifanene ezingu-1000 ngokushesha kunekufunyenye, zibaleka umsebenzi wokukhula kwezifansi zasekuhlengahlengeni.
Kungani Izilathe Zizoba Eningi Noma Manje
Ama-lathe asabalulekile ekwenzeni lezo zingxenye eziqondile kakhulu ezidingekayo emkhakheni wezindiza, wezimoto, kanye nasekukhiqizeni imishini yezokwelapha ngoba angakwazi ukubhekana nemisebenzi eminingi ehlukene. Okubenza bavelele ukuthi kulula kanjani ukuwasebenzisa, okuchaza ukuthi kungani onjiniyela bethanda ukusebenza nabo kungakhathaliseki ukuthi basemagaraji amancane noma ezimbonini ezinkulu. Izinhlobo ezintsha ezisemakethe namuhla, ikakhulukazi lezo ezihlome ngezinhlelo ze-CNC, zibonisa ukuthi ubuchwepheshe be-lathe buye bafinyelela kude kangakanani. Le mishini elawulwa ikhompyutha ngokuyisisekelo iyasusa ukuqagela ekudaleni ukwakheka nokwakheka okuyinkimbinkimbi okungeke kwenzeke ngesandla. Njengoba abakhiqizi beqhubeka befuna izindlela zokukhiqiza ezihlakaniphile, lezi zinsimbi ezizenzakalelayo ngeke ziphele maduze. Ziqhubeka zizibonakalisa ziyizinsimbi eziyisisekelo kunoma iyiphi indawo yokusebenzela enesibindi egxile ekufinyeleleni izinto ezingeni le-micron.
Imisebenzo Ekhathalelayo Yezilathe
Ukucoca Nokulinganisa Ngokuphelele
Xa kufika kwekuhlela izigaba eziyinkulu kuzi lathe, ukulayisha ngokwesiko ngokwenzeka. Abasebenzisa amathulwa okugaya ngokweqile futhi kuyindlela abasebenzisa ngayo xa basebenza nezincu, aluminiyamu noma izintambo ezinye. Izindawo ezenziwa ngaleso sikhathi sibonakala kwezinye izindawo kusukela kumakoti yezinhlobo yezinhlobo yezinhlobo. Ukwenza ukugaya okuphelele kwenza into enguqu ngokuphelele lapho kuyindlela esebenza ngayo. Sengathi, ukugaya okuphelele kuhlinza ukuthi izicaba zokuphelele zokweyiphi na into ezenziwa kuzo kube yimicaba emibili ukuze konke kuhlangane ngokweqile xa kusungulwa ngokwesikhathi esizayo. Kunezinye izinombolo zokwesiko eziyavusa lokhu. Abasebenzisi abahle kangaka bakhona ukuba bafinyelela amathulwa okugaya edlulelwe ukuthi incane kakhulu kutheni i-inch engu-0.001, okuquka ukuthi kuyiphi indlela yokusebenza futhi kusho ukuthi izinkampani zokusebenza zingenhla kangakanani ngokwesikhathi esifelile.
Imisebenzi Yokulula Nee-Taper Turning
Ama-lathe asebenza kahle kakhulu ekwenzeni imicu eqondile, into ebalulekile lapho kwenziwa amabhawodi, izikrufu nezinye izingxenye zokuxhuma. Lo mshini wenza lokhu usebenzisa izindlela ezihlukahlukene ezigcina konke kuhambisana kahle futhi kuvumelana ezingxenyeni eziningi. Ukuguqula okugobile kuphuma njengenye imisebenzi ebalulekile kuma-torn, okuvumela abasebenzi ukuba bakhiqize lezo zingxenye ezinesimo se-cone ezidingekayo kokubili izingxenye zemishini esebenzayo nezinto zokuhlobisa. Lapho opharetha befaka amathuluzi akhethekile asebenza nge-conical emshinini wabo, bathola imiphumela engcono ngokushesha kuyilapho beqhubeka befinyelela kulezo zimo eziqinile ezifunwa imidwebo eyinkimbinkimbi yobunjiniyela.
Imisebenzi Egculiswe Emakhaya Ebongeni
Izindlu zokwenza kuzo kuxhomeke kuzo izikhova eza kuxhasa imisebenzi ephakeme, futhi ababhuyeke abaleyo. Izikhova zamanje zifakiwe ngemiboniso ngokuhlinzeka kwezinkumbane nezinkinobho ezingenakukhohlwa ngabantu abathengisa izindlu zokwenza. Le mibuyekeka yenza kube yimali yokwenza amaqhinga amancane emigangathweni engqondweni yezokudla, yezokudla, nezokubonisa izindlela ezithile. Okwasebenza ngokushesha ngokuphelile kwezindlela kuthiwa yinto ephakeme kakhulu ukwenza amaphoyinti amancane nekuthatha isikhathi eside kakhulu. Imaphakathi yempiro yachaza futhi le mibuyekeka yekhisa isikhathi sokwenza, okuyindlela engiyeni kakhulu yezindlu zokwenza kuzo kuthiwa lezi zikhova ziyadingeka kakhulu ukulandela izimpawu zokwenza nezikhathi ezimnye.
Izindlu zomphucoko vs. Izindlela Zokuphucula Izingceke
Ukulinganisa Izindlu zomphucoko neTikholoji ye-Wire EDM
Izindlu zokwenza izinto eziqina ngokwezimali ziyindlela yokuthi zinezimotuka nezinhlobo zokwenza izinto ngokwezimali zokuxhumana nezimali, ngokuya kuzindlela ezahlukene. Wire EDM, okungukuthi Electrical Discharge Machining, iyindlela yokwenza izinto eziphambene nezinto eziphambene nezimali, kuyindlela yokwenza izinto eziyinkimbuka kakhulu noma izinto ezingcono kakhulu okungakwazi ukufinyelela yizindlela eziqina ngokwezimali. Fikiriza izinto eziyinkimbuka kakhulu noma izinto ezingcono kakhulu okungakwazi ukufinyelela yizindlela eziqina ngokwezimali. Ngakolunye uhlango, izimotuka zenza ngokuthi ziqine izinto ngokwezimali, ngakho ke kuyindlela yokuthi kuthathwa ngokushesha futhi ukuphambene kungasingabi kakhulu. Abaqina bejika abanye abangaba ngokwengeziwe ukuthi Wire EDM iyindlela efanayo yokwenza izinto eziyinkimbuka kakhulu nezimali eziphambene kakhulu. Kepha lapho kuthathwa okuphambene kakhulu futhi ukuphambene kungasingabi kakhulu, izimotuka ziyindlela efanayo yokuthi zithathe isikhova. Isigqibo kuphela kuyokuthi kuthathwe ukuthi yini okudingekile, kuyingxenye yezinto, futhi ukuthi ime noma ukuphambene okudingekile kakhulu kuzindlela zokwenza izinto.
Imithambo egcwele nezindleke zokugqamisa CNC
Lapho abasebenzisa amachini e-CNC noma izilathe ezintsha, bekufana ukuba kube lula ukwenza into engcono endaweni yabo. Amachini e-CNC avela ngokuzotsha nokukhishwa okuphezulu okudingekayo kwezinye izinto eziphambene, kodwa musa ukulahla lezi zilathe ezintsha ezisebenza ngokwenza amacat ezingaphambili. Izindawo zokusebenza ezisebenzisa le ndawo ngokuxhuma ngokudlulwa kwezinyathelo zokusebenza kuzokwazi ukuba ngemfihlakalo futhi zokusebenza ngokuhle. Zingakwazi ukushintsha izinto ngokushesha lapho kuthathwa izidingo zomthengi. Kunezi zilwanyo ezithi ukuthi ukuxhuma kwezi zitekithi kwenza ukuba kube lula ukukhishwa futhi. Ukunakwa ukwenza amaphutha ngokwenyokeni kudingeka kuzonke abasebenzisi endaweni yabo yokusebenza ngemva kwezinkathi eziningi.
Imigciniso Yenqanawa Esiqinileyo
Izilathi zikhona kakhulu esibonelweni sokwenza okunye ngoba zisebenza kahle kumisebenzi emqoka ngaphandle kokuthutha imali. Zinhawu zokuthiwa nezindleko eziphansi kakhulu futhi zingasebenzisa amaphethini ngokushesha kuna izindleko ezingenye xa kusebenzwa nezimo eziphambene. Kumaqembu aphathwa ngawo amaphethini amaningi wezinto efanayo, izilathi aqondisa ukuthola imali ngoba asebenzisa amaphethini ngokushesha ake ngekona yokwenza izindleko eziphansi kumakina CNC noma izinhloso zemigqa engaphezulu. Bona bonke abasebenzisa amakhina baza kuthi kubani ombuzo ukuthi ukukhetha phakathi kwezilathi ezijwayelekile nezitekolo eziphethwe kakhulu kubangelwa yini okufanele kwenziwe. Ngemva kwezinyathelo ezimbili, ukubuya emqokweni kungase kuthathe ukwehla kwezikhathi futhi kungase kuthathe imali efanayo ngemva kwezikhathi.
Izindlela Zokusebenza Nezinhlelo Eningi Zokusebenzela
Ukukhetha Iziphumo Nezinhlelo Yokuseta iNkampani
Ukukhetha i-thoolo yokugcina esemthakathweni kwenza ukuchanya lapho kufanele ukuthola imiphumela emininingwane kanye nokuhlanza ukuthi i-thoolo iyaphela kude. Abasebenzisa amachini kufanele bavukele izinto eziningi kanye neyiphi indawo abasebenzisa yazo, ukuthi yini obuningi bokugcina kumele kube yilapho kweyisampula, kanye neyifomu yomntu owenziwa. Kumele kube khona ukulungiswa kwamanye amathilfu kanti kakhulu kanti amathilfu ayivulekile agcizelela ukunciphisa ukugcina ngokushesha. Ukulungisa lezi zinto kumele kube yilapho kuneffishensi kahle kanye nezinye iimpawu ezinobunzima. Abasebenzisa amachini abaningi baleka ukulandela indlela engenalo ukuphela xa kakhulisa izinto ezahlukahlukene kanye nezimo. Bazi ukuthi amathilfu athuthelene nezinto ezingcono kanye nezinto ezingekho ukunciphisa ukuphela.
Izinhloso Zokulayisha Amagama Nezinkolelwa
Ukulungiselela ukuphumelela phakathi kwezindlela zokugaya nokuvuleka kwezindlela kuyenza ukuchanya ngokuphathelene nokusebenza koma ukulahleka kwezinhlobo. Abasebenzisa izinhlobo kudinga ukwazi ukuthi kanjani ukubuya amandla okugaya ukuba bafuna ukusetha le zindlela nezinhlobo ngendlela efanele. Uma kwenziwa ngendlela efanele, le ndawo yokuqinisekisa ukuthi imisebenzi ibaleka ngendlela elula ngaphandle kokulahla kwalokho. Amakhampeni we-machining anakekela kakhulu kumaqo atholwe yizinhlobo zokwenza izinto ezinhle ngaleso sikhathi. Le ndawo ngokuvamile inikeza amachathi atholakaleyo onikeza izindlela efanayo kuzindlela ezahlukene. Le machathi aqukethe isikhathi nezimali ngokuthi aqinisekisa abasebenzisa izinhlobo ukuthi baphumelele kanjani kumisebenzi ngawo ngokungafani nokuthi bakhulume ngendlela yokubuza.
Izimvume Zokuphepha Ukusebenza Okuhle
Kufanele kwinikezwe imithetho yokuphepha kuzo zikhala zokulwa ukuze avimathe imizuzwana ngaphambi kokuba bavakile. Ukugcina ubunzima bezixhobo zokulwa kubuninzi bokulandela imithetho kepha kuyinto elibophelela abasebenzi bakuphepha nangexesha zixhobo zilula ngendlela efanelekileyo. Abaphathi bezikhala kufanele bakhangqele zixhobo ngokuthe ngamaxesha ukwengeza ukulwa kwezinto, zilale ukutshintsha zonke iinkcukacha ezibonisa ukulwa kwaye zivavanye iimpembelelo zokuphela kwaye zingcinwe ukuze zenzeke xa kudingekayo. Ngalonge nendlela yokugcina ubunzima, abasebenzi kufanele bane zezicelo ezipheleleyo njengezilunywa, ukuphepha kwesithixo kwaye iibooti zokuphepha ngexesha elishicilelweyo yi-OSHA. Iiprogramu zokwakhiwa kubantu abatsha abasebenzisa zinto kufanele zingaphantsi kokoqobo kuphela kodwa abasebenzi abancinci bafuna ukuphuculwa kwaye. Xa imikhiwo iqhubeke ngokuphepha ngokuqala, kuncinci iingcinga zokulwa kwaye ukulwa kwenziwa ngendlela efanelekileyo ngaphandle kweentsuku ezithile zokulwa ngokungathanga.
