EDM Umshini Wokudonsa: Izinto Ezintsha Nezithonya Zazo Ekubumbeni

Ukulungisa Amakhiqizo Ama-EDM Die Sinking

U-EDM Die Sinking noma u-sinker EDM usebenza ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo zokulayela ukukhupha amathambo ngemfazwe encane. Le ndlela iyagqoka xa kusebenzwa kwezifanekiso ezinhlelweni nezindlela ezininzi kumatyeni amathile lapho izicathamlalo zokukhupha eziphumelelayo ngeke zisebenze kahle kakhulu. Okwesibili okwenza le ndlela ikhona yakhe yokwenza amaphathi amancane angenhla noma amaphathi aphakathi kakhulu. Ngakho ke abasebenzisa bejwe kakhulu kizindustri zokudla, ukwenza izinhlobo zemoto, nezokwenza izinto zokusebenza kwamanje abasebenzisa i-EDM Die Sinking yezindlela zabo ezidinga kakhulu. Lezi zindustri zidinga amaphathi angqinelana ngempela, ngabe kudinga ukuthi ayilandelane kakhulu noma kwezinye izindlela.

Kwikhanda le EDM yodonsha izindleko ezimbili eziphambene: iziqhawuli nezindleko zokuxhumana. Lezi zinto zihlanganisa ukusebenza kwemfukwini wesikriningi. Iziqhawuli ngamanye amakhulu ayinhloko ayizigcawu noma ayimedla kuba lezi zinhlobo zokwenza i-metali yemoto ngokuhambelana. Xa kusebenza, iqhawuli libaleka kwindleko yokuqhubeka okuqukethwe kwiqela kanye neyodwa kwiqhawuli kanye neyodwa xa kungenaphakathi kakhulu. Isicwangciso se-Applied Sciences sibonisa oku, sibiza futhi ukuthi izinhlelo ze EDM zinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kuzo iziqhawuli nezindleko zokuqhubeka ukuze kuthathwe amandla ngokuphelele (Qudeiri et al., 2020). Okuqukethwe kwe EDM ukuthi kungakhetha ukugcwalisa nekwenza amaqhinga amaningi ngekuthi kungasebenzi ngokugcwele. Lokhu kusho ukuthi akukho ukugcinwa komoya kwenziwa kumoto eqenjelwe, okuqukethwe okuphambene kakhulu kumoto amaningi noma amaningi.

Ukusuka Kwamatirhali Amane Sintsha Kwisinyeleselo Sokusebenza Komakhi We EDM Die Sinking

Ukuthi yini leli ngcamango esikhethiweyo iyabangela ukuvarywa xa kuxoxwe nge-EDM Die Sinking. Le ngcamango echanekileyo iyasiza ukuthi izindlela zibe yini futhi yini le nto ekhokhwe kumaqondo. Le ngcamango iyasiza futhi ukuthi izinto zingaba yini, njengokusebenza kwezokuchelela futhi ukusebenza kwezindlela zokunqanda, kanti lezi zinto ziyasiza ukuthi izindlela zokusebenza kwe-EDM zibe yini. Ngokomzekelo, ikhuphathi iyahlonjiswa ngokuthi yinto echanekileyo yokwenza i-electrode kuba ikhuphathi iyasebenza ngokuhle kakhulu kwezokuchelela futhi kwezokunqanda, lokhu kusiza ukuthi izindlela zibe yini. Ngakolunye uhlango, ukusebenzisa izinto ezingapheli futhi ezingapheli kakhulu kuyasiza ukuthi kube nezinkinga eziningi. Izinhlobo zokusebenzisa izinto ezingapheli kakhulu kungase kuthathe isikhathi esincane futhi kungase kungenzeka ukuthi izinto zibe yini futhi zibe nezinkinga eziningi. Izindawo ezingasiza ukuthi izinto zibe yini kungase kuthathe isikhathi esincane futhi kungase kungenzeka ukuthi kube nezinkinga eziningi.

Hamba kancane, izindlela zokusebenzisa i-EDM zaziguqulwa kakhulu, okwenza ukusebenza kuhle futhi kunciphise imali. Kuqala, abasebenzisa babeka igrafiti noma ikhupha kanti kubonakala ngokuthi kudinga kahle kwezinhlanzi. Kuseni kungeminyaka ethile, kuvulekile izindlela ezintsha nezinhlanzi eziphezulu njenge-grafti ephethwe futhi nezinye izinhlanzi zokubhala amandla. Izindlela eziphethwe zenza ukuthi amachini akhuphe kahle futhi aqede kahle, okungcolisa izindleko. Izivivinyo ezithile zasho ukuthi lapho abasebenzisi baya kwezindlela eziphansi kakhulu, bangakhipha ukuthi amachini asalela ngama-15% kulinganisa nezinye izimo.

Imibono yachaza ngokuthi kungakanani okuhle kakhulu ukuthi tekithi yemateriali entsha yonakelela imiphumo ye-EDM. Kuphawuliwe kujikeleze ukulingana phakathi kwezinhlobo zemateriali ezinkulu kanye nezinhlobo eziphansi kakhulu futhi kutholwe amadifferensi amaningi kuzindleko zokugcina nokwehla kwemisebenzi. Lezinhlobo eziphansi kakhulu zakhona ukugcina kwezindleko ngokungu-27 VDI ngaphansi kuka-31 VDI yezinhlobo ezinkulu, lokhu kusho ukuthi kungabi nangcono ukusebenza ngemva kokugcina. Okunye okungcono kakhulu kukuthi ukusebenzisa lezinhlobo eziphansi kakhulu kubambe izikhathi sokusebenza se-EDM ngekuphela kwe-15%. Le nto ethuthukisayo iyabelana ngqo nezimali ezithunyelwe kuzindleko zokwenza nokuthula kwezikhathi zokukhiqiza kubantu abasebenzisa lezinhlobo.

Ukubona Amazwelo Okusho Esikuyindlela Kwamateriali Ye-EDM

Ukuphathelwa okusha kakhulu eBhokweni le-EDM kubangela amathiphu amasha njengezinhlayiya ezinhle nezinhlanganisela ezikhethekile. Lezi zinhlayiya ziyashintsha umthamo wekusebenza kwe-EDM ngokuthi zihlanze ngokuhambisana nezidingo eziphambene nezinhlayiya ezinhle. Sebenzisa izinhlayiya ezinhle, ngokwezibonelo, ziyasebenza ngokuhle kakhulu ngokulula kwezinhloko futhi zilindele kahle kulezindleko, lokhu kuyakumelwa ngokweqile kwezinyathelo eziphambene kwe-EDM lapho ukucinca okuphezulu kuyadingeka. Izinhlanganisela ezikhethekile, noma kunjalo, zihlanza ngokuhambisana nezindleko kakhulu kuneminye imithwanceli. Lokhu kuthi kuthi izinto zilinde kahle ngaphambi kokuthi zilokelwe futhi zilungiselelwe, zilale kakhulu izindleko zokuvikela nokuphazamiseka kwemisebenzi ngokudla.

Lapho izinhleli ziza qala ukusebenzisa imithwana evela kakhulu kuzindlela zokwenza izindlela, zizathola izinto ezinhle kakhulu. Izinsimbi zilanga ngokude, izinhleli zilindela kakhulu ema-temperature ephakeme, futhi i-electricity ivela ngokulula kulesi sithi. Konke lokhu kwenza ubuchule bokwenza kube lula futhi kube nezinto ezinezindlela eziphezulu. Sebenzisa izinhlobo zokwenza i-copper ngokwesibonelo. Lokhu kakhulu kwezimali eziphambene nezindlela kahle kakhulu lezindlela zokwanda kakhulu ngokushesha lapho kuzokwa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungapheli kakhulu futhi kube nezindlela eziphezulu kuzindlela ezinhle. Izindawo ezikhethile zokuthengisa izinto ezingathathwa ngokushesha zilayela ukuthi kunguqulwe kakhulu kuzindlela zokwenza. Abakhilili abaningi bethi kubonakala ukuthi ukukhetha izinto kunguqulwe konke lapho kusebenzwa nezindlela zokwenza izindlela zokwenza.

Izintulelo ebona ezi ngokulandelana nezindawo ezintsha azisiya kungase kungenxa yezinye iziqiniso futhi kungase kungenxa yezinye iziphakamiso ezweni lethu kodwa kungase yizinye iziphakamiso ezenziwa ngokuzenzekelayo futhi izinkolelo ezivela kubasebenzisi abasezingeni. Sebenzisa umzekelo, iziloyi ezikhulu zasekile ezifana ne-copper alloys lapho kusebenzisa kwa-EDM. Izigodi zilayela ukuthi izindawo zikhipha ngokushesha futhi izinsiza zilinde kude kunezinye izindawo ezindala. Abasebenzisi abaningi abadla ngokushintsha bafuna ukuthi kunezindlela ezahlukene kakhulu ezinhlangothini zabo. Lokhu kwakhiwa ukuthi kunezigidoni eziningi ezidla ngokushintsha kulezi zindawo ezintsha ngaphaya kwamathela yokuqala. Ukuthi kwezindawo ezifana nezinye ezifortele kuyavelisa indlela ethile futhi kuyavelisa indlela ephumelelayo kakhulu i-EDM inqubo yazo yonke indawo ethuthwa ngayo.

Izinsuku Ezikhohliweyo Zokuhlola Ukukhangela Izigama Ngesinye Sokuqala Sokuthiwa Umoya

Uma kuziwa ekucutshungweni kwe-Electrical Discharge Machining noma i-EDM njengoba ibizwa kanjalo, ukuhambisana kwezinto kubalulekile, ikakhulukazi uma sibheka ukuthi izinto ezihlukene ziqhuba kanjani. Izinga lokuqhuba liyakuthinta ngempela ukuhamba kwamandla ohlelweni, okugcina kunqume ukuthi umshini usebenza kahle kangakanani. Ukuqhuba kahle kusho ukuthi ugesi ungashona kahle lapho usika, okuholela emaphethelweni ahlanzekile nekhwalithi engcono yendawo ezingxenyeni eziphelile. Yingakho izitolo eziningi zisebenzisa i-graphite noma ithusi njengama-electrode azo isikhathi esiningi. Lezi zinto ziqhuba ugesi kahle kangangokuthi zakha izinhlansi ezinamandla ezidingekayo ekusebenzeni kwe-EDM futhi zisiza ekususeni izinto ezakhiweni ezisetshenziswayo ngokushesha okukhulu kunezinye izindlela ezitholakalayo emakethe namuhla.

Ukuqina nokusebenza kahle kwezinto kungenza umehluko omkhulu ekutheni izinto eziningi zenziwa kanjani ngezinqubo ze-EDM. Izinto zokwakha zinhlobonhlobo, ngayinye inezici zayo ezinquma ukuthi ihlala isikhathi eside kangakanani lapho isetshenziselwa izinto futhi ingakwazi yini ukugqwala. Ngokwesibonelo, amathuluzi e-carbide nensimbi eqinile, lawa amakhukhi aqinile kakhulu emhlabeni wokukhiqiza. Zibambelela kahle kakhulu emsebenzini oqhubekayo we-EDM, okusho ukuthi izimboni zingazisebenzisa zingasuki ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokushintsha amathuluzi kaningi. Iphuzu liwukuthi izinto eziqinile zenza kube nokuphazamiseka okuncane lapho imishini idinga ukulungiswa, ngakho ukukhiqizwa okuphelele kuqhubeka kahle ngaphandle kokubambezeleka okubizayo.

Abasebenzi base industries nokwezinye izinhlelo zokwenza izinto ziyavuma ngokubaluleka kwekukhetha izindawo ngokubanzi zazo njengezinca zazo zokuthumela umoya fakuna ukude kuzodura. Vuma ngezita ezikhankanyekileyo ezingeni le EDM: ziyavuma ngokuthi kudinga ukuthumela ukushisa ngokuhle kodwa futhi kuthinte ukwehluka kwezinto ngokudla ngokuthi kuthinta izilishwa nezilishwa eziphathelene nezinto. Okukhethwayo kusona kuyenza uhlu oluyinhloko ukuba izinyathelo zokwenza zingasebenze ngokuzuzwe futhi zithole lezinye izinto eziphumelelayo. Ngokwesibonelo, akukho muntu amathanda izinto ezaqeda emva kokuthengwa kwezinye fisa noma izinto ezingayi kona izimo ezibalulekileyo zokukhathazeka nokwakhiwa kwezinto.

Iizipho neziqondiso kwi-EDM Yokuqhathanisa Ngeamatirhali Okusha

Ukuwusebenza namanqanqo amasha ngenkathi yokuwakheka ngokusebenzisa i-Electrical Discharge Machining noma i-EDM uyinika amaqeba amaningi kubasebenzisi. Iimpawu eziphambene ngokubanzi ziyi-tool wear kunye neenguquko ezibangelwa yingxaki kwiintambo. Kungakhawulezanga? Ukuze, manqanqo amanqantla amakhulu angasebenzi ngokuba yinto ebonisa ukuba yintonina kunye nekhanda. Bona ukuba yintoni ekhathwa xa iintshebe zizame ukusebenza ngamanqanqo amakhukhwini okanye amanqanqo alandelayo ngokudla ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezisiseleyo. Le ndawo ebonisa ukuba yintonina ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kwiindlela, kubangela ukuba iindlela zibulwe ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle koko kucaciswa. Kubasebenzisi ngamaqeba amaningi ukutshontela iinqawawa ezithathwe ngaphandle ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle koko kucaciswa, oku kuyiyona into engenisa ukupheka kwezimali kunye nokongeza kwamanilili kwiindlela zonke.

Kukhona izindlela eziningi ukulungiselela lezi zinhloso ngokugcwele. Ukushintsha izisettingo zokulwa kwenza izinkomba ngemva kwezinye izikhathi. Isibonelo, ukulungisa izinto ezijikeleze amandla wokulula kanye noma iphi intonga ethule ukuphela kwezi pulse kungenza uhlu olukhulu ekunciphiseni ukulahleka kwezixhamu ngokwesikhathi. Abasebenzisa amathuluzi bangeqile ukwenza amathuluzi amanzi. Cacisa amathuluzi akhankanyekile noma izixhamu ezinhle ezinhle zokulungisa ukuphezulu. Lezi zibonelo zenza ukuba kube lula ukulalela amathuluzi futhi ukusebenza ngendlela elula kanye. Xa kusebenzwa nezindawo zokuxhumana nezinto eziphakeme kakhulu, ukuba nezixhamu eziphezulu kakhulu zenza kube lula ukusebenza kanye nokuthi yisiphi isitolo esifuna ukulala kakhulu ekhathini leli zinsizwa.

Ukuba usebenzisa amanani, izindawo eziphumelelayo ngokwesiko zihluleka kangaka noma kunye nezindawo ezintsha eziphumelelayo kusuku lwesikhathi lokuqhuba kwe-EDM. Imvavanyo kwi-Journal of Advanced Manufacturing and Technology yafumene ukuthi izindawo eziphumelelayo zihlola uhlelo lwokuhlula ngenca ya-30% uma ziqhobana nezinyathelo zokuhlola. Le mvavanyo ibonisa okuthi kufanele abasebenzisa izindlela zokwenza izinto zibe yigama elikhulu. Njengoba izinkampani zisebenzisa le ndawo ezintsha kuzindlela zokusebenza kwe-EDM, bezothola ukuthi izindlela nezixhobo zabo zokwenza izinto zaye zingasebenzi kakhulu. Umqondo wokwenza izinto kufanele usenze ubuchule kakhulu uma unqoba ukufanekisa noma izinto ezintsha zidinga.

Amamazibuko Apha Elandelwayo KweTechnologies Yesi EDM Die Sinking

Izinto ezisha ngokusha kwezinhlelo zokwenziwa kwe-Electric Discharge Machining (EDM) njengokwezifiso nezinhlelo zokugcina ngokuzenzekela kwezinhlelo zokwenziwa kushintsha okuthiwa kungenzeka ukuthola kwezinhlelo zokwenziwa. Uma izimaketha zokwenziwa zenze ukuthi zifakwe ngokuzenzekela kuzinhlelo zazo zase-EDM, zinikeza ukusebenza ngokuvimba kwezinyanga zokusebenzela ngokulula ngenxa yokuthi kungadingi kakhulu ukugcina ngokulula. Lokhu kungakela ukuthi izinto evela kuzo zibe nezifiso nezifiso ngokuvumelana. Ngendawo enye, izinhlelo zokugcina ezisebenzisa i-AI zenikeza abasebenzisa amanani amanani okwenza ukusebenza kwezinhlelo futhi ukwazi xa kudingeka ukwenyelwa ngaphambi kokuthi kuhlakane. Lezi zinhlelo ezinhle zinesizo lokugcina uhlelo lwokwenziwa lusebenze ngokuvimba kancane, okuthi kungamaqondana amakhulu futhi abathengi bethu bafuna izinto eziyisayo.

Amathari amacabango angahambe ukuba aphathe kulokhu olungakho lokuziphatha kwi-EDM izimo, ngokuphelelelanisa imithombo yokuqinisekisa kunye nezimpawu zokuthengisa ngqukuze lungekhoyo. Lamatari akhawuleza amandla esisodwa kunye nokuchasene ngephandle kwamatari amaqhawekazi, bese bakhi okubhekisisa ukuthi abaningi amandla amanye amakhono angaziphumula amathari amaqhawekazi.

Imaphakathi yesicelo sebanga lamanje liqiniseza ukuthuthukiswa kakhulu kwiteknolojhi ye-EDM emasipakathini amakhiyana ngokwesibonelo isicelo se- aerospace ne manufacture yezinto zokubona. Abakhululekile kuleli qoqo, ngokukodwa si Brian Solis, baletha ukuba kungaba khona ukuthuthukiswa ngama-6.2% ngosuku olulodwa, ngokukhulu kakhulu ngisho noma izinto eziphileni ezidinga ukutholwa kwezinto eziphezulu okungase kungena ngendlela yokwenza okudla. Lapho sibeke kuleli zinto, teknolojhi ye EDM isemthutheni ukuthi ibe yodwa ukuxazulula izidingo eziyizinto ezintsha ezifanalo neziloyi zokubona neziloyi ezinezinhloso zokwenza uhlelo lwabantu. Njengoba isicelo seziloyi sinekisa amagama, izindwendwe ze EDM zingase kuthuthukiswa ngokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zokubhala nezinhlelo zokubamba amandla, okwenza yizinto ezingasunguliweyo kuleli zidingo zokwenza izinto ngokucacileyo kuleli nyanga.